Sewing-machine



(No Model.) 3 Shets-Bheet 1.

F. W. MERRICK..

SEWING MAOHINB.

No. 343,383. I Patented June 8, 1886.

(No Model.) s Sheets-Sheet '2.

v F. W. MERRIOK.

SEWING MACHINE.

Patented June 8, 188I6,

f 44446 I I I N. PErERs. Plwhrulhoghphar, Washingion, D4 0.

(No Model.) K a Sheets-Sheet 3.

v F. W. MERRIOK.

SEWING MACHINE. V I No. 343,383. Patented June 8, 1886.

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FRANK WV. MERRIOK, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 343,383, dated June 8, 1886.

Application filed December 15, 1885. Serial No. 185,688. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK W. MERRICK, of Somerville, county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sewing-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming a part hereof, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Figs. 3 and 4 are details showing the position of the cast-off when the needle is up and down, respectively. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively side and end views of the thread-carrier and adjacentparts. Figs. 7 and 8 are details of the thread-carrier detached. Fig. 9 is a section on line 00 m, Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is a detail of the yoke andcam which reciprocate the needlepost. Fig. 11 is a detail view of the mechanism for conveying the motion and power of the driving-shaft to the secondary shaft. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 11. Figs. 13 and 14 are respectively a plan and section of the eccentrics on the driving-shaft. Fig. 151's a section on line y Fig. 12. Figs. 16 and 17 are a plan and elevation,

I respectively, of a modified form of the double crank on the secondary shaft. Fig. 18 is a rear View of the needle-post and its operating yoke and cam. Fig. 19 is a cross-section on line 19 19, Fig. 2.

The object of my invention is to provide a sewing-machine which shall be simple, economical, andeasy of construction; and it consists in the mechanism hereinafter more fully described, as indicated by the claims at the end of this specification.

Like letters of reference indicate like partsthroughout the drawings.

I will describe my invention as embodied in the machine shown in the accompanying drawings.

Yis the frame of the machine. A is the driving-shaft, which actuates directly the needle, feed, and cast-off mechanism, and B is a secondary shaft, which actuates theawl and threadcarrier mechanism.

The power of the driving-shaft is conveyed to the secondary shaft by the following described mechanism: On the driving-shaft Isecure two eccentrics, O C, which are shown,

Fig. 12, as set quartering with each other. They may be set in any position relatively to each ot-herso long as they are not together or diametrically opposite. In these latter positions their dead-points would fall together, and the mechanism would be inoperative. The eccentrics O O are provided with straps D D, (see Fig. 12,) within which the eccentrics rotate, and which are secured to or formed integral with pitmen D D, which are pivoted at their ends on the crank-pinsE Eof the double or two-throw crank F. One of these crankpins is set fast in a disk wheel, H, (see Fig. 15,) which is secured to shaft B. The twothrow crank F may obviously be fast to or integral with an arm, K, (see Figs. 16 and 17,) which arm may be secured to or may be integral with the secondary shaft. I prefer, however, to use the disk-crank H, instead of anarm K, although, as will be obvious, either form will work. If the eccentrics on the driving-shaft are set quarteringthat is, ninety degrees apartof course the crank-pins E E will also require to be ninety degrees apart. The eccentrics and crank-pins will necessarily be placed in the same position relatively, although, as previously stated, not necessarily ninety de grees apart. The quartering positions shown, however, I believe to be the most efficient. As will be obvious, the eccentrics on the main shaft may be replaced by cranks; but I prefer to use eccentrics. By the use of this method of conveying the, power of the main shaft which actuates the parts of the machine below the table to the secondary shaft which actuates the parts above the table, the various movements may be timed perfectly, and as there is no lost motion there is little liability of the movements of the parts getting out of the proper time. I

The forward end of the main shaft is journaled in a bracket, L, inside theframe Y, and is provided in front of this bearing with a collar, M, having a cam, M, secured thereto,the collar and cam being fast to the shaft. This collar and cam act in an oblong slot or opening, N, in the yoke O, the curve of the cam being eccentric to the shaft A. As the shaft rotates, the throw of the cam is communicated to the yoke, which is pivoted above, at P, to the frame of the machine. In order that this pivotal point may be adjustable, an oblong slot, Q, is cut in the yoke O, and a block, R, on l the end of pivot l, is placed therein and adapted to be slid upward and downward in the slot. Behind the block is a collar or shoulder on the pivot P, and the other end ofthe pivot g is provided with a thumbnut, S, by means of which the pivot may be secured in the slot T in the frame. The upper end of the yoke O is journaled on a stud, ll, which is set in a dovetailed slide, V, (see Figs 1 and 18,) fitted into the inner face of the needle-post. The slide V is provided with set-screws, r, by which it may he held in given position. 13y loosening the set-screws the slide may be I moved for the purpose of putting the needle and awl in line, if that should become ncccssary. The rotation of the main shaft communicates the throw of cam M to the yoke 0, thus vibrating it on pivot l and causing its upper end to vibrate or reciprocate rcversely, and thus reciprocate the needlepost l" on its rockerbearing t, thus causing the work to be fed forward.

In an opening, XV, in the needle-p st, (see Fig. 2,) a crank'disk, a, is set, which is fast on the main shaft. A link, I), is pivoted at one end to the disk and at the other to the needle-bar c, which slides upward and downward between the plates (1 d, secured to the face of the needle-post, the edges of the plates (1 (1' having V-shaped grooves which receive I the correspondingly A shaped edges of the needle-bar. In this way theneedle-harslidcs only on its edges, its rear face being out of contact with the post, thus reducing the friction of its mo\-'c1ncnts. The plate (I is adjustably secured to the needle-post, so that as the j needle-bar wears, the plate may be set in and j' the wear taken up. By the use of strap or link I) the rotary movement of the main shaft is converted into the reciprocating movement of the needle-bar, as will. be obvious. (See Fig. 2.) The opening \V in the needle-post, to accommodate the disk a, is enough larger than the disk to allow for the vibratory feed movement of the post. The cast-off mechanism consists, chiefly, of a link, 0, pivotallyat' tached to the needle-bar by a screw], and connected to a lever, c, pivoted to the post at f. (See Figs. .3 and 4:.) The upper end of the lever c is tapered to form the beak y, (see Figs. 3 and 4-,)so that asthenecdle which l moved downward with the loop of thread in its hook begins to rise the cast off point r of l the lever enters the loop and frees it from the hook, the needle passes upward beside the point or beak y, and draws down the next loop 5 through the previous one, which slips off the beak y, when the beak is thrown up and back i by the downward movement of the needlebar to the posit-ion shown, Fig. l.

The method of mounting the needle post.- to allow of its free vibration with the last fric' tion, and to insure against any change of the j plane of vibration, is as follows: The post is provided with a boss or shaft, R, which is fast to its lower end and projects rearwardly 1 therefrom. This shaft is mounted between projections it on the base of the frame by means of the screws j j, which are screwed into the projections, and which haveta icriug ends, as shown, Fig. 1., which are received in correspondingly-shaped recesses, one at the rear end of the shaft R and the other in line with it in the front of the post. The length of the shaft It prevents the shaking or jarring of the post out of position, while it is so hung as to be easily vibrated.

Passing to the upper part of the machine, the secondary shaft B isjournaled at its front end in a projection, L, of the frame, and is provided at. its front end with a crank-disk, N, fast thereto. To this disk is pivoted at l.: a connecting strap or link, i, the other end of which is pivoted to the awl-bar Z at 7;. The awl-bar is mounted between adjustable plates secured to the face of the frame of the machine in the same manner as the needle-bar below, and, as is shown in crosssection, Fig. i), so that the rotation of the disk N 011 the secondary shaft causes the reciprocation of the awlbar. (See Fig. 2.)

On the rear of one edge of the faccN-flwhich carries the awl-bar, the thread-carrier bar at is pivoted between the lugs m in". (See Fig. 5.) This allows the threadcarrier bar to be I swung backward and forward, and as thelugs m m? are joined by a base'plate, m, (see Fig. 6,) which is pivoted to the frame by pivot m, the thread-carrier baris allowed to swing sidewise. By means of these two motions the thread-guide is made to follow a right-angled path around the point of the needle, and thus place the thread in the hook.

In order to actuate the thread-guide, the pivot 7;, which secures the lower end of strap i to the awlbar, is allowed to project rearwardly through a slot, u, (see Fig. 5,) in the face N, and comes in contact, as the awl-bar is at the upper part ofits throw, with two camfaces out i n the upper part of the thread-carrier bar in. It first encounters in its upward movement the canrface p, (shown by the dotted line in Fig. 6,) and throws the upper end of the thread-carrier bar rearwardly, swinging the bar on its pivot m, and moving the t-hread-carrier forward. After this movement is completed the pin l.: takes the second cam-face, p, (see d olted line Fig. 5,) and forces the upper end of the thread-carrier bar to the right, Viewed from the front of the machine, swinging it on the pivot m, and causing the thread-carrier to move to the left past the point of the needle. As the awl-bar moves downward again the spiral spring p fast at one end to the frame and at the other to the upper end of the can rier, insures the movement of the carrier in a rcversodirection until projection it strikes the stop-pin it',when the bar is in position for the next movement. in like manner the spiral spring p, (see Fig. 1,) moves the thread-carrier bar back against face N of the frame in a reverse direction from the movement given The spiral spring 1) is set in a it by cam 12.

ICO

socket in the frame, (see Fig. 1,) and bears against a pin, 12 which lies in the socket, and projects therefrom against the thread; carrier. (See Fig. 1.)

The thread-carrier eye 2 is placed in a nearly vertical position. (See Figs. 6 and 7;)

The shafts A and B are shown mounted with conical bearings, as at k k, Fig, 1, in a wellknown manner.

The presser-foot bar 1) (see Figs. 2 and 9) is mounted in the face of the frame in the same way as is the awl-bar Z, and may be operated in any well-known manner. I have shown a simple spring, p (see Fig. 2,) fast at one end thereto and at the other to the frame. This spring serves to hold the presser-foot down upon the work. A lever and cam of common construction (not shown) may be employed to raise it and hold it up.

What I claim is- 1.. In a sewing-machine, the combination, with the awl and needle bars, of two rotating shafts, one above and the other below the work-plate, two differently-placed eccentrics on one of said shafts, a two throw crank on the other of said shafts, two links connecting said eccentrics and crank, crank-disks on the forward ends of said shafts, and links connect ing the said crank-disks with the said awl and needle bars, substantially as set 'forth.

2. The combination, with the pivoted needle-post P,of the yoke O, pivotally connected at its upper end to said post, the shaft A,provided with a cam working within said yoke, and an adjustable fulcrum for said yoke between its connection with said needlepost and said cam, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination,with the machine-frame having the projections h and h, of the needlepost P,having the rearwardly-extending shaft R, pivoted to said projections, whereby asteady pivotal bearing is afforded for said post on said frame, substantially as set forth.

4:. The combination, with the reciprocating needle-bar, of the lever e, pivoted to the needle-post and provided with the cast-off g, and the link 6, connecting said lever and needlebar, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the needle-bar, its hooked needle, and the head or face N of the thread-carrier bar connected with saidhead or face by two pivots at right angles to each other, and having two cams at its upper end, a reciprocating pin extending through said head or face and adapted to engage said cams, and springs for effecting the return movements of said thread carrier bar, substantially as set forth.

FRANK \V. MERRIOK.

In presence of- WM. A. MAOLEOD, ROBERT WALLAoE. 

